English
Hartford
Hartford comes from Old English Hereford ‘army ford’, and goes back to Proto-Indo-European *ker-.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ker-‘army’reconstructed
- Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*harjaz‘army’reconstructed
- Proto-West Germanicc. 200–500 CE*hari‘army’reconstructed
- Old Englishc. 450–1150here‘army’
- Old English, derivedc. 450–1150Hereford‘army ford’
- EnglishtodayHartford
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ker-‘army’reconstructed
- Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*harjaz‘army’reconstructed
- Proto-West Germanicc. 200–500 CE*hari‘army’reconstructed
- Old Englishc. 450–1150here‘army’
- Old English, derivedc. 450–1150Hereford‘army ford’
- EnglishtodayHartford
The story
# For remaining places: from Old English heorot (‘hart’) + ford.
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *ker- ‘army’
rugby, caravan, rout, croup, roop, 5 more
through Proto-Germanic *harjaz ‘army’
Today it means
name A place in England, from variants of Hertford: An eastern suburb of Huntingdon, Huntingdonshire district, Cambridgeshire (OS grid ref TL2573).
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *ker- / Hartford