English
brood
Brood comes from Proto-Germanic *brōduz ‘heat, breeding’, and goes back to Proto-Indo-European *bʰreh₁- ‘breath, mist, vapour, steam’.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*bʰreh₁-‘breath, mist, vapour, steam’reconstructed
- Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*brōduz‘heat, breeding’reconstructed
- Old Englishc. 450–1150brōd
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500brood
- Englishearliest quotation 1598same form
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*bʰreh₁-‘breath, mist, vapour, steam’reconstructed
- Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*brōduz‘heat, breeding’reconstructed
- Old Englishc. 450–1150brōd
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500brood
- Englishearliest quotation 1598same form
Earliest quotation: 1598, George Chapman translation of Homer's Il: “[…] flocks of the airy brood, Cranes, geese or…”
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *bʰreh₁- ‘breath, mist, vapour, steam’
breath, breeding, brawn, 1 more
through Proto-Germanic *brōduz ‘heat, breeding’
through Middle English brood
Today it means
noun The young of certain animals, especially a group of young birds or fowl hatched at one time by the same mother.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *bʰreh₁- / brood