English
efferate
Efferate comes from Latin efferātus ‘brutalized’, from efferus ‘wild, savage’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰwer-.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ǵʰwer-‘wild’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEferus‘wild, savage, fierce, cruel’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEefferus‘wild, savage’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEefferō‘to make wild or savage, brutalize, barbarize’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEefferātus‘brutalized’perfect passive participle of efferō
- Englishearliest quotation 1616efferate
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ǵʰwer-‘wild’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEferus‘wild, savage, fierce, cruel’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEefferus‘wild, savage’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEefferō‘to make wild or savage, brutalize, barbarize’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEefferātus‘brutalized’perfect passive participle of efferō
- Englishearliest quotation 1616efferate
Earliest quotation: 1616, Roger Gostwyke, The Anatomie of Ananias; or: “[…]; by which meanes he ſtill breaks out againe,…”
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰwer- ‘wild’
bear, ferocious, treacle, 9 more
through Latin ferus ‘wild, savage, fierce, cruel’
fierce, zebra, ferocity, 7 more
through Latin efferō ‘to make wild or savage, brutalize, barbarize’
Today it means
verb To excite into a passionate, angry, bestial state.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰwer- / efferate