Etymograph

English

hade

Hade comes from Old English hād ‘person, individual, character, individuality,…’, from Proto-Germanic *haiduz ‘appearance, kind’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kāy- ‘light, bright, shining’.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*(s)kāy-‘light, bright, shining’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*haiduz‘appearance, kind’reconstructed
  3. Proto-West Germanicc. 200–500 CE*haidureconstructed
  4. Old Englishc. 450–1150hād‘person, individual, character, individuality, degree, rank, order, office, holy office’
  5. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500hade
  6. Englishearliest quotation 1838same form

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*(s)kāy-‘light, bright, shining’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*haiduz‘appearance, kind’reconstructed
  3. Proto-West Germanicc. 200–500 CE*haidureconstructed
  4. Old Englishc. 450–1150hād‘person, individual, character, individuality, degree, rank, order, office, holy office’
  5. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500hade
  6. Englishearliest quotation 1838same form

Earliest quotation: 1838, The Holy Scriptures: “And I tolde the of the good hade of…”

Every English word from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kāy-

Today it means

noun State; order, estate, rank, degree, or quality.

Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *(s)kāy- / hade

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