English
irritable
Irritable comes from Latin irritabilis ‘irritable, irascible, short-tempered’, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃riH-tó-s ‘whirled, stirred’, and ultimately from *h₃er- ‘to move, to stir’.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₃er-‘to move, to stir’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₃reyH-‘to churn’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₃riH-tó-s‘whirled, stirred’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEirrītō‘to excite, to irritate’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEirritabilis‘irritable, irascible, short-tempered’
- Frenchc. 1600–presentirritable
- Englishtodaysame form
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₃er-‘to move, to stir’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₃reyH-‘to churn’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₃riH-tó-s‘whirled, stirred’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEirrītō‘to excite, to irritate’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEirritabilis‘irritable, irascible, short-tempered’
- Frenchc. 1600–presentirritable
- Englishtodaysame form
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- ‘to move, to stir’
run, original, earn, origin, abortion, orient, abort, ornithology, erne, orogeny, 19 more
through Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- ‘to churn’
ride, riding, raid, rival, derivative, rin, derivation, ria, ritter, overridden, ern, 13 more
Today it means
adj Capable of being irritated.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- / irritable