Etymograph

English

juvenal

Juvenal comes from Latin iuvenālis ‘youthful’, from Proto-Italic *juwō ‘young’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey- ‘vital force, life, age, eternity’.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₂ey-‘vital force, life, age, eternity’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₂óyu‘long time, lifetime’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₂yéwHō‘young’reconstructed
  4. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*juwō‘young’reconstructed
  5. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEiuvenis‘youth’
  6. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEiuvenālis‘youthful’
  7. Englishearliest quotation c. 1595–1596juvenal

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₂ey-‘vital force, life, age, eternity’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₂óyu‘long time, lifetime’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₂yéwHō‘young’reconstructed
  4. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*juwō‘young’reconstructed
  5. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEiuvenis‘youth’
  6. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEiuvenālis‘youthful’
  7. Englishearliest quotation c. 1595–1596juvenal

Earliest quotation: c. 1595–1596, W. Shakespere [i.e., William Shakespeare]: “How canſt thou part ſadnes and melancholy, my tender…”

Linked words

through Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey- ‘vital force, life, age, eternity’

early, young, era, diet, ere, enigma, 25 more

through Proto-Indo-European *h₂óyu ‘long time, lifetime’

yet, age, longevity, 8 more

through Latin iuvenis ‘youth’

junior, 1 more

Today it means

adj Of a young bird: that has its first flying plumage.

Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey- / juvenal

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