English
marchand de vin
Marchand de vin comes from French marchand ‘seller’, from Middle French marchand ‘vendor’, and ultimately from Proto-Italic *merks.
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*merksreconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEmerx‘merchandise, commodity’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEmercor‘to trade, traffic, deal’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEmercatus‘market’
- Vulgar Latinc. 100–700 CE*mercatantemreconstructed
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400marcheant‘seller, vendor’
- Middle Frenchc. 1400–1600marchand‘vendor’
- Frenchc. 1600–presentsame form‘seller’
- Englishtodaymarchand de vin
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*merksreconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEmerx‘merchandise, commodity’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEmercor‘to trade, traffic, deal’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEmercatus‘market’
- Vulgar Latinc. 100–700 CE*mercatantemreconstructed
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400marcheant‘seller, vendor’
- Middle Frenchc. 1400–1600marchand‘vendor’
- Frenchc. 1600–presentsame form‘seller’
- Englishtodaymarchand de vin
The story
Unadapted borrowing from French marchand de vin (literally “wine merchant”).
Linked words
through Latin merx ‘merchandise, commodity’
commercial, commerce, mercy, mercer, mercenary, merci, 17 more
through Latin mercor ‘to trade, traffic, deal’
merchant, mercantile, mercantilism, 16 more
through Latin mercatus ‘market’
through Vulgar Latin *mercatantem
through Old French marcheant ‘seller, vendor’
Today it means
noun A typical bistro sauce made from reduced red wine, shallots, and, sometimes, beef stock or demiglace.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Italic *merks / marchand de vin