English
paradigm
Paradigm comes from Late Latin paradīgma ‘pattern, example, paradigm’, from Ancient Greek παραδείκνυμι ‘I show [beside] or compare’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ-.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*deyḱ-‘to show, point out’reconstructed
- Proto-Hellenicc. 2200–1600 BCE*deiknéumireconstructed
- Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEδείκνυμι‘to show’
- Ancient Greek, derivedc. 800–300 BCEπαραδείκνυμιparadeíknumi‘I show [beside] or compare’
- Ancient Greek, derivedc. 800–300 BCEπαράδειγμαparádeigma‘pattern’
- Late Latinc. 200–600 CEparadīgma‘pattern, example, paradigm’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500paradygme
- Englishearliest quotation 2000paradigm
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*deyḱ-‘to show, point out’reconstructed
- Proto-Hellenicc. 2200–1600 BCE*deiknéumireconstructed
- Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEδείκνυμι‘to show’
- Ancient Greek, derivedc. 800–300 BCEπαραδείκνυμιparadeíknumi‘I show [beside] or compare’
- Ancient Greek, derivedc. 800–300 BCEπαράδειγμαparádeigma‘pattern’
- Late Latinc. 200–600 CEparadīgma‘pattern, example, paradigm’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500paradygme
- Englishearliest quotation 2000paradigm
Earliest quotation: 2000, Estate of William F. Jenkins v. Paramoun: “According to the Fourth Circuit, “Coca-Cola” is “the paradigm…”
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- ‘to show, point out’
teach, index, indicate, toe, indication, predict, token, indicator, dictionary, dictator, indicative, dictate, syndicate, digit, addict, ditto, contradictory, contradiction, contradict, predicate, diction, ditty, dictum, interdict, syndicalism, tache, dict, indicia, 43 more
Today it means
noun A pattern, a way of doing something; especially a pattern of thought, a system of beliefs, a conceptual framework.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- / paradigm