English
cognation
Cognation comes from Latin cognātiō ‘kindred’, from nātiō ‘birth’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- ‘to produce’.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ǵenh₁-‘to produce’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*ǵénh₁tis‘birth, production’reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*gnātiō‘family’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEnātiō‘birth’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEcognātiō‘kindred’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500cognacion
- Englishearliest quotation 1662cognation
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ǵenh₁-‘to produce’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*ǵénh₁tis‘birth, production’reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*gnātiō‘family’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEnātiō‘birth’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEcognātiō‘kindred’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500cognacion
- Englishearliest quotation 1662cognation
Earliest quotation: 1662, Henry More, An Antidote Against Atheism: “[…] these stones, I say, gratifie our sight, as…”
Formed from cognate + -ion
Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- ‘to produce, give birth, beget’
Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₁tós ‘begotten’
Proto-Italic *gnātos ‘born’
Latin gnātus ‘born’
Latin cognātus ‘related by blood’
English cognate
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- ‘to produce’
general, king, german, engine, nature, gender, genuine, gene, genius, oxygen, pregnant, ken, genre, indigenous, native, kindness, genocide, hydrogen, genus, kin, noel, naive, genital, kinder, nee, germ, ingenious, innate, natal, nada, nascent, naïve, puny, genial, nativity, janata, gingerly, glycogen, genitive, azadi, 105 more
through Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis ‘birth, production’
kind, gentle, genesis, genetics, gens, gentile, genteel, jaunty, nomen, 13 more
through Latin nātiō ‘birth’
Today it means
noun A cognate relationship.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- / cognation