English
odious
Odious comes from Latin odiōsus ‘hateful, odious, vexatious, offensive,…’, from odium ‘hate’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed-.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₃ed-‘to hate’reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*odjom‘hate’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEodium‘hate’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEodiōsus‘hateful, odious, vexatious, offensive, unpleasant, disagreeable, annoying, troublesome’
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400odieus
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500odious
- Englishearliest quotation c. 1603–1604same form
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₃ed-‘to hate’reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*odjom‘hate’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEodium‘hate’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEodiōsus‘hateful, odious, vexatious, offensive, unpleasant, disagreeable, annoying, troublesome’
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400odieus
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500odious
- Englishearliest quotation c. 1603–1604same form
Earliest quotation: c. 1603–1604, William Shakespeare, The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice: “You told a lie, an odious damned lie: /…”
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- ‘to hate’
dental, tooth, dent, zinc, ozone, odor, dens, tusk, egregious, redolent, dancy, osmium, 69 more
through Latin odium ‘hate’
Today it means
adj Arousing or meriting strong dislike, aversion, or intense displeasure.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- / odious