English
pertinaciously
Pertinaciously comes from Latin pertināx ‘pertinacious’, from tenāx ‘tenacious’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ten- ‘to stretch, draw’.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ten-‘to stretch, draw’reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*tenēō‘to hold’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEteneō‘to hold’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEtenāx‘tenacious’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEpertināx‘pertinacious’
- Englishearliest quotation 1601pertinaciously
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ten-‘to stretch, draw’reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*tenēō‘to hold’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEteneō‘to hold’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEtenāx‘tenacious’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEpertināx‘pertinacious’
- Englishearliest quotation 1601pertinaciously
Earliest quotation: 1601, William Barlow, A defence of the articles of the Protestants religion: “Saint Augustine makes this difference betweene an heretike, and…”
Formed from pertinacious + -ly
Proto-Indo-European *ten- ‘to stretch, extend’
…
Latin teneō ‘to hold, grasp’
Latin tenax ‘tenacious’
Latin pertinax
Old French pertinace
English pertinacious
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *ten- ‘to stretch, draw’
tone, tight, maintenance, ton, entertainment, tune, obtain, tender, tonic, tendon, pristine, tetanus, countenance, tantra, tendinitis, maintainer, retentive, hypotenuse, impertinent, 62 more
through Proto-Italic *tenēō ‘to hold’
container, incontinent, 18 more
through Latin teneō ‘to hold’
content, continue, contain, tennis, retain, continent, continuous, detention, sustain, tenant, retention, tenor, rein, continuum, detain, tenet, abstinence, abstain, tenement, sustenance, incontinence, retinue, pertain, abstention, tenable, continence, abstinent, 20 more
through Latin tenāx ‘tenacious’
Today it means
adv In a stubbornly resolute manner; tenaciously holding one's course of action or opinion.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *ten- / pertinaciously