Etymograph

English

plantain

Plantain comes from Latin plantāgō ‘the plantain, especially the greater plantain’, from planta ‘sole of the foot’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pleth₂- ‘flat’.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*pleth₂-‘flat’reconstructed
  2. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEplanta‘sole of the foot’
  3. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEplantāgō‘the plantain, especially the greater plantain’
  4. Old Frenchc. 842–1400plaintain
  5. Anglo-Normanc. 1066–1400plainteine
  6. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500planteyne‘a plantain’
  7. Englishearliest quotation 1653plantain

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*pleth₂-‘flat’reconstructed
  2. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEplanta‘sole of the foot’
  3. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEplantāgō‘the plantain, especially the greater plantain’
  4. Old Frenchc. 842–1400plaintain
  5. Anglo-Normanc. 1066–1400plainteine
  6. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500planteyne‘a plantain’
  7. Englishearliest quotation 1653plantain

Earliest quotation: 1653, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged: “The roots of Plantain and Pellitory of Spain beaten…”

The story

Inherited from Middle English planteyne, planteyn, from Anglo-Norman plainteine et al., Old French plaintain, from Latin plantāgō, from planta (‘sole of the foot’), a nasalized form of Proto-Indo-European *pleth₂- (‘flat; to spread’), because of the broad, flat shape of the plantain leaves.

Linked words

through Proto-Indo-European *pleth₂- ‘flat’

flat, plate, plane, lateral, platinum, plaza, piazza, plat, flan, plaice, 15 more

through Latin planta ‘sole of the foot’

clan, implant, 8 more

Another origin of plantain

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*pleth₂-‘flat’uncertain
  2. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*pl̥th₂enós‘wide’uncertain
  3. Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEπλᾰτῠ́ςplătŭ́s‘broad’uncertain
  4. Ancient Greek, derivedc. 800–300 BCEπλάτανοςplátanos‘planetree’
  5. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEplatanus‘planetree, sycamore’
  6. Spanishc. 1500–presentplantano
  7. Englishtodayplantain

Today it means

noun Any plant of the genus Plantago, with a rosette of sessile leaves about 10 cm (4") long with a narrow part instead of a petiole, and with a spike inflorescence with the flower spacing varying widely among the species. See also psyllium.

Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *pleth₂- / plantain

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