Etymograph

English

raze

Raze comes from Vulgar Latin *raso ‘to shave’, from Latin rāsus ‘scraped’, and ultimately from Proto-Italic *razdō.

  1. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*razdōreconstructed
  2. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CErādō‘to scrape, scratch’
  3. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CErāsus‘scraped’perfect passive participle of rādō
  4. Vulgar Latinc. 100–700 CE*raso‘to shave’reconstructed
  5. Anglo-Normanc. 1066–1400raser
  6. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500rasen
  7. Englishearliest quotation 1523raze

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed

Lineage

  1. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*razdōreconstructed
  2. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CErādō‘to scrape, scratch’
  3. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CErāsus‘scraped’perfect passive participle of rādō
  4. Vulgar Latinc. 100–700 CE*raso‘to shave’reconstructed
  5. Anglo-Normanc. 1066–1400raser
  6. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500rasen
  7. Englishearliest quotation 1523raze

Earliest quotation: 1523, Johan Froyssart [i.e.: “The fortreſſe was raſed and beaten downe to the…”

The story

The verb is derived from Middle English rasen, racen, rase (‘to scrape; to shave; to erase; to pull; to strip off; to pluck or tear out; to root out (a tree, etc.); to pull away, snatch; to pull down; to knock down; to rend, tear apart; to pick clean, strip; to cleave, slice; to sever; to lacerate; to pierce; to carve, engrave; to dig; (figurative) to expunge, obliterate; to alter’), from Anglo-Norman raser, rasere, rasser, Middle French raser, and Old French raser (‘to shave; to touch lightly, graze; to level off (grain, etc.) in a measure; to demolish, tear down; to erase; to polish; to wear down’), from Vulgar Latin *raso (‘to shave; to scrape; to scratch; to touch lightly, graze’), from Latin rāsus (‘scraped; shaved’), the perfect passive participle of rādō (‘to scrape, scratch; to shave; to rub, smooth; to brush along, graze’).

Linked words

through Latin rādō ‘to scrape, scratch’

erase, abrasion, erasure, raster, 12 more

through Latin rāsus ‘scraped’

rash, razor, 3 more

through Middle English rasen

race, 1 more

Today it means

verb To level or tear down (a building, a town, etc.) to the ground; to demolish.

Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.

Etymograph / Proto-Italic *razdō / raze