English
raze
Raze comes from Vulgar Latin *raso ‘to shave’, from Latin rāsus ‘scraped’, and ultimately from Proto-Italic *razdō.
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*razdōreconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CErādō‘to scrape, scratch’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CErāsus‘scraped’perfect passive participle of rādō
- Vulgar Latinc. 100–700 CE*raso‘to shave’reconstructed
- Anglo-Normanc. 1066–1400raser
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500rasen
- Englishearliest quotation 1523raze
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*razdōreconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CErādō‘to scrape, scratch’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CErāsus‘scraped’perfect passive participle of rādō
- Vulgar Latinc. 100–700 CE*raso‘to shave’reconstructed
- Anglo-Normanc. 1066–1400raser
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500rasen
- Englishearliest quotation 1523raze
Earliest quotation: 1523, Johan Froyssart [i.e.: “The fortreſſe was raſed and beaten downe to the…”
The story
The verb is derived from Middle English rasen, racen, rase (‘to scrape; to shave; to erase; to pull; to strip off; to pluck or tear out; to root out (a tree, etc.); to pull away, snatch; to pull down; to knock down; to rend, tear apart; to pick clean, strip; to cleave, slice; to sever; to lacerate; to pierce; to carve, engrave; to dig; (figurative) to expunge, obliterate; to alter’), from Anglo-Norman raser, rasere, rasser, Middle French raser, and Old French raser (‘to shave; to touch lightly, graze; to level off (grain, etc.) in a measure; to demolish, tear down; to erase; to polish; to wear down’), from Vulgar Latin *raso (‘to shave; to scrape; to scratch; to touch lightly, graze’), from Latin rāsus (‘scraped; shaved’), the perfect passive participle of rādō (‘to scrape, scratch; to shave; to rub, smooth; to brush along, graze’).
Linked words
through Latin rādō ‘to scrape, scratch’
erase, abrasion, erasure, raster, 12 more
through Latin rāsus ‘scraped’
through Middle English rasen
Today it means
verb To level or tear down (a building, a town, etc.) to the ground; to demolish.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Italic *razdō / raze