English
residual
Residual comes from Latin residuum ‘a remainder’, from sedeō ‘to sit, to reside’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sed-.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*sed-‘to sit’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*sed-éh₁-ye-tireconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*sedēō‘to sit, to be sitting, to be seated’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEsedeō‘to sit, to reside’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEresideō‘to remain behind’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEresiduus‘remaining, left over’perfect participle of resideō
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEresiduum‘a remainder’neuter inflection of residuus
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400residu
- Englishearliest quotation 1983residual
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*sed-‘to sit’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*sed-éh₁-ye-tireconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*sedēō‘to sit, to be sitting, to be seated’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEsedeō‘to sit, to reside’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEresideō‘to remain behind’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEresiduus‘remaining, left over’perfect participle of resideō
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEresiduum‘a remainder’neuter inflection of residuus
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400residu
- Englishearliest quotation 1983residual
Earliest quotation: 1983, Richard Ellis, The Book of Sharks: “Yet certain films leave a residual memory—such as Psycho:…”
The story
Recorded since 1570.
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *sed- ‘to sit’
set, sell, seat, method, chair, sitting, sit, settle, niche, nest, possess, saddle, exodus, nye, subsidy, prasad, cathode, soot, setter, beset, anode, chaise, sate, ersatz, salo, polyhedron, nias, besiege, nidal, 83 more
through Proto-Italic *sedēō ‘to sit, to be sitting, to be seated’
possession, obsession, assessor, assize, presidente, 26 more
through Latin sedeō ‘to sit, to reside’
size, president, session, assess, siege, sedan, sediment, sedentary, sedative, insidious, possessive, dissident, sedate, obsess, seance, séance, sessile, presidio, presidium, 30 more
Today it means
adj Of, relating to, or remaining as a residue; left over.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *sed- / residual