Etymograph

English

theology

Theology comes from Ancient Greek θεολογέω, from Koine Greek θεολόγος ‘one who speaks of God and the divine nature, a…’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- ‘to do’.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*dʰeh₁-‘to do’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*dʰéh₁s‘god, godhead, deity’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*dʰh₁sósreconstructed
  4. Proto-Hellenicc. 2200–1600 BCE*tʰehós‘god, deity’reconstructed
  5. Koine Greekc. 300 BCE–600 CEθεός‘a deity’
  6. Koine Greek, derivedc. 300 BCE–600 CEθεολόγος‘one who speaks of God and the divine nature, a theologian’
  7. Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEθεολογέωtheologéō
  8. Koine Greekc. 300 BCE–600 CEθεολογίαtheología
  9. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEtheologia
  10. Old Frenchc. 842–1400theologie
  11. Middle Frenchc. 1400–1600same form
  12. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500same form
  13. Englishearliest quotation 1896theology

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*dʰeh₁-‘to do’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*dʰéh₁s‘god, godhead, deity’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*dʰh₁sósreconstructed
  4. Proto-Hellenicc. 2200–1600 BCE*tʰehós‘god, deity’reconstructed
  5. Koine Greekc. 300 BCE–600 CEθεός‘a deity’
  6. Koine Greek, derivedc. 300 BCE–600 CEθεολόγος‘one who speaks of God and the divine nature, a theologian’
  7. Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEθεολογέωtheologéō
  8. Koine Greekc. 300 BCE–600 CEθεολογίαtheología
  9. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEtheologia
  10. Old Frenchc. 842–1400theologie
  11. Middle Frenchc. 1400–1600same form
  12. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500same form
  13. Englishearliest quotation 1896theology

Earliest quotation: 1896, William Newton Clarke, Immortality: “Theology is a study, but religion is an experience.…”

Equivalent to theo- + -logy

Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- ‘to do’

…

Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁sós

Proto-Hellenic *tʰehós ‘god, deity’

Ancient Greek θεός ‘god’

Latin theos ‘god’

English theo-

Linked words

through Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- ‘to do’

do, fact, deal, hot, defense, fan, benefit, fashion, feature, mid, defence, custom, sufficient, treasury, theme, treasure, ethnic, defendant, ethical, doom, tick, deed, aesthetic, thesis, synthetic, auditorium, auditor, demi, deem, spade, ethic, forfeit, familial, medial, ethos, medallion, prefect, certify, thematic, duma, 113 more

through Proto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁s ‘god, godhead, deity’

fair, feast, dis, feral, fanatic, profanity, profane, fane, fayre, 21 more

through Proto-Hellenic *tʰehós ‘god, deity’

polytheism, pantheism, 14 more

through Koine Greek θεός ‘a deity’

atheist, atheism, monotheism, theism, apotheosis, theist, 16 more

Today it means

noun The study of God, a god, or gods; and of the truthfulness of religion in general.

Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- / theology