English
tide
Tide comes from Middle English tyde ‘a time (period), season’, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₂itis ‘division, section’, and ultimately from *deh₂y- ‘to share, divide’.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*deh₂y-‘to share, divide’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*déh₂itis‘division, section’reconstructed
- Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*tīdiz‘time’reconstructed
- Proto-West Germanicc. 200–500 CE*tīdi‘time’reconstructed
- Old Englishc. 450–1150tīd‘time in general’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500tyde‘a time (period), season’
- Englishearliest quotation 1590tide
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*deh₂y-‘to share, divide’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*déh₂itis‘division, section’reconstructed
- Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*tīdiz‘time’reconstructed
- Proto-West Germanicc. 200–500 CE*tīdi‘time’reconstructed
- Old Englishc. 450–1150tīd‘time in general’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500tyde‘a time (period), season’
- Englishearliest quotation 1590tide
Earliest quotation: 1590, Edmund Spenser, Book I, Canto II: “[...] and rest their weary limbs a tide.”
A compound of *deh₂- ‘to share, divide’ + *deh₂y- ‘to share, divide’
Proto-Indo-European *deh₂- ‘to share, divide’
Proto-Indo-European *deh₂y- ‘to share, divide’
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *deh₂y- ‘to share, divide’
time, till, demon, tease, til, daemon, tass, daimon, 24 more
through Old English tīd ‘time in general’
Today it means
noun The daily fluctuation in the level of the sea caused by the gravitational influence of the moon and the sun.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *deh₂y- / tide