Etymograph

English

vagrant

Vagrant comes from Middle English vagraunt ‘person without proper employment’.

  1. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500vagraunt‘person without proper employment’
  2. Englishearliest quotation 1729vagrant

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor

Earlier history uncertain.

Lineage

  1. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500vagraunt‘person without proper employment’
  2. Englishearliest quotation 1729vagrant

Earliest quotation: 1729, William Nelson, Vagrants: “If it appear to the Juſtice by the confeſſion…”

The story

From Late Middle English vagraunt (‘person without proper employment; person without a fixed abode, tramp, vagabond’) [and other forms], probably from Anglo-Norman vagarant, wakerant, waucrant (‘vagrant’) [and other forms] and Old French walcrant, waucrant (‘roaming, wandering’) [and other forms], perhaps influenced by Latin vagārī, the present active infinitive of vagor (‘to ramble, stroll about; to roam, rove, wander’). Old French walcrant is the present participle of vagrer, wacrer, walcrer (‘to wander, wander about as a vagabond’) [and other forms], from Frankish *walkrōn (‘to wander about’), the frequentative form of *walkōn (‘to walk; to wander; to stomp, trample; to full (make cloth denser and firmer by soaking, beating and pressing)’), from Proto-Germanic *walkōną (‘to roll about, wallow; to full’), *walkaną (‘to turn, wind; to toss; to roll, roll about; to wend; to walk; to wander; to trample; to full’). The English word is cognate with Latin valgus (‘bandy-legged, bow-legged’), Middle Dutch walken (‘to knead; to full’), Old English wealcan (‘to roll’), ġewealcan (‘to go; to walk about’), Old High German walchan, walkan (‘to move up and down; to press together; to full; to walk; to wander’), Old Norse valka (‘to wander’).

Linked words

through Proto-Indo-European *welH- ‘to roll, to undulate’

well, walk, wall, volume, revolution, evolution, involve, valve, evolve, revolt, vault, vulgar, waltz, helix, convoluted, divulge, voluminous, wale, gauche, vulva, convolution, vulgate, iliac, ilium, involution, voluble, valvular, valise, 76 more

Another origin of vagrant

  1. Anglo-Normanc. 1066–1400vagarant
  2. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500vagraunt
  3. Englishtodayvagrant

Today it means

noun A person who wanders from place to place; a nomad, a wanderer.

Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.

Etymograph / Middle English vagraunt / vagrant