English
conclude
Conclude comes from Latin conclūdō ‘to shut up, close, end’, and goes back to Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w-.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*kleh₂w-‘to close something’reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*klaudō‘to close’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEclaudō‘to shut up, close, lock’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEconclūdōas conclūdere‘to shut up, close, end’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500concluden
- Englishearliest quotation 1591conclude
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*kleh₂w-‘to close something’reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*klaudō‘to close’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEclaudō‘to shut up, close, lock’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEconclūdōas conclūdere‘to shut up, close, end’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500concluden
- Englishearliest quotation 1591conclude
Earliest quotation: 1591, William Shakespeare, The First Part of Henry the Sixt: “if we conclude a peace”.
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- ‘to close something’
include, cataract, subclavian, 29 more
through Proto-Italic *klaudō ‘to close’
closet, disclose, enclose, inclusiveness, 26 more
through Latin claudō ‘to shut up, close, lock’
close, exclusive, closure, clause, inclusive, inclusion, exclude, cloister, recluse, claustrophobia, sluice, preclude, occlusion, cloture, 32 more
Today it means
verb To end; to come to an end.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- / conclude