English
sluice
Sluice comes from Anglo-Norman escluse ‘sluice, floodgate’, from Late Latin exclusa ‘extrusion, gate’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- ‘to close something’.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*kleh₂w-‘to close something’reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*klaudō‘to close’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEclaudō‘shut, end’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEexclūdō‘to shut out, to exclude’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEexclūsus‘excluded’form of exclūdō
- Late Latinc. 200–600 CEexclusa‘extrusion, gate’
- Anglo-Normanc. 1066–1400escluse‘sluice, floodgate’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500sluse
- Englishearliest quotation 1595sluice
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*kleh₂w-‘to close something’reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*klaudō‘to close’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEclaudō‘shut, end’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEexclūdō‘to shut out, to exclude’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEexclūsus‘excluded’form of exclūdō
- Late Latinc. 200–600 CEexclusa‘extrusion, gate’
- Anglo-Normanc. 1066–1400escluse‘sluice, floodgate’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500sluse
- Englishearliest quotation 1595sluice
Earliest quotation: 1595, The Life and Death of King Richard the Second: “[…] he did plot the Duke of Gloucester's death,…”
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- ‘to close something’
include, cataract, conclave, subclavian, 28 more
through Proto-Italic *klaudō ‘to close’
closet, disclose, enclose, inclusiveness, 26 more
through Latin claudō ‘shut, end’
close, exclusive, conclusion, closure, clause, inclusion, inclusive, conclude, preclude, cloister, recluse, occlusion, claustrophobia, cloture, 31 more
through Latin exclūdō ‘to shut out, to exclude’
Today it means
noun An artificial passage for water, fitted with a valve or gate, for example in a canal lock or a mill stream, for stopping or regulating the flow.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- / sluice