English
cytokine
Cytokine comes from Ancient Greek κίνησις ‘movement’, from κῑνέω ‘I move’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *keyh₂-.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*keyh₂-‘to start to move’reconstructed
- Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEκῑνέω‘I move’
- Ancient Greek, derivedc. 800–300 BCEκίνησιςkínēsis‘movement’
- Englishearliest quotation 1975cytokine
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*keyh₂-‘to start to move’reconstructed
- Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEκῑνέω‘I move’
- Ancient Greek, derivedc. 800–300 BCEκίνησιςkínēsis‘movement’
- Englishearliest quotation 1975cytokine
Earliest quotation: 1975, Bigazzi PE, Yoshida T: “Thus, in the case of viral infection, mechanisms of…”
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *keyh₂- ‘to start to move’
citation, recite, incite, kinase, resuscitate, kinetics, recitative, kinematics, 12 more
through Ancient Greek κῑνέω ‘I move’
Today it means
noun Any of various small regulatory proteins that regulate the cells of the immune system.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *keyh₂- / cytokine