English
eisel
Eisel comes from Latin acētum ‘vinegar’, from acēscō ‘to become sour, to turn sour’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- ‘sharp’.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₂eḱ-‘sharp’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₂eḱéh₁yetireconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*akēōreconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEaceō‘to be sour’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEacēscō‘to become sour, to turn sour’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEacētum‘vinegar’
- Vulgar Latinc. 100–700 CE*acētillumreconstructeddiminutive of acētum
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400aisil
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500aisel
- Englishearliest quotation c. 1599–1602eisel
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₂eḱ-‘sharp’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₂eḱéh₁yetireconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*akēōreconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEaceō‘to be sour’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEacēscō‘to become sour, to turn sour’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEacētum‘vinegar’
- Vulgar Latinc. 100–700 CE*acētillumreconstructeddiminutive of acētum
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400aisil
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500aisel
- Englishearliest quotation c. 1599–1602eisel
Earliest quotation: c. 1599–1602, William Shakespeare, The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke: “Woul't drink up eisel, eat a crocodile?”
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- ‘sharp’
hear, edge, egg, ear, hammer, eager, acute, axe, acne, oxide, vinegar, mediocre, mediocrity, paragon, acupuncture, acacia, exacerbate, acumen, acme, acuity, hark, acrid, rosacea, acrimony, acerbic, exacerbation, 70 more
through Proto-Italic *akēō
through Latin aceō ‘to be sour’
through Latin acētum ‘vinegar’
Today it means
noun vinegar, verjuice
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- / eisel