English
expend
Expend comes from Latin expendō ‘to weigh’, from Proto-Italic *pendō ‘to hang, put in a hanging position’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pend- ‘to stretch’.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*(s)pend-‘to stretch’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*(s)péndetireconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*pendō‘to hang, put in a hanging position’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEpendō‘weigh, weigh out’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEexpendō‘to weigh’
- Englishearliest quotation 1591expend
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*(s)pend-‘to stretch’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*(s)péndetireconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*pendō‘to hang, put in a hanging position’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEpendō‘weigh, weigh out’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEexpendō‘to weigh’
- Englishearliest quotation 1591expend
Earliest quotation: 1591, William Shakespeare, The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]: “If my death might make this island happy […]…”
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *(s)pend- ‘to stretch’
span, pound, depend, poise, pendant, pansy, pensive, 18 more
through Proto-Italic *pendō ‘to hang, put in a hanging position’
through Latin pendō ‘weigh, weigh out’
spending, compensation, pension, compensate, suspend, penthouse, appendix, perpendicular, peso, dispensation, compendium, piso, recompense, spender, append, 15 more
through Latin expendō ‘to weigh’
Today it means
verb To consume, exhaust (some resource).
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *(s)pend- / expend