English
garden
Garden comes from Anglo-Norman gardin, from Frankish *gardō ‘enclosure, yard’, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ- ‘to enclose’.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*gʰerdʰ-‘to enclose’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*gʰórdʰos‘hedge, fence’reconstructed
- Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*gardô‘hedge, fence; enclosure’reconstructed
- Frankishc. 250–700*gardō‘enclosure, yard’reconstructed
- Anglo-Normanc. 1066–1400gardin
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500gardyn
- Englishearliest quotation 1629garden
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*gʰerdʰ-‘to enclose’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*gʰórdʰos‘hedge, fence’reconstructed
- Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*gardô‘hedge, fence; enclosure’reconstructed
- Frankishc. 250–700*gardō‘enclosure, yard’reconstructed
- Anglo-Normanc. 1066–1400gardin
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500gardyn
- Englishearliest quotation 1629garden
Earliest quotation: 1629, John Parkinson, London: […] Hvmfrey Lownes and Robert Yovng […]: “[…] I ſuppoſe the North ſide of the water…”
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ- ‘to enclose’
girth, hangar, girdle, jardin, gord, gird, 10 more
through Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos ‘hedge, fence, enclosure’
Today it means
noun An outdoor area containing one or more types of plants, usually plants grown for food or ornamental purposes.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ- / garden