Etymograph

English

garth

Garth comes from Middle English garth ‘a garth’, from Old Norse garðr ‘an enclosed space, yard’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ-.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*gʰerdʰ-‘enclosure, fence, belt’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*gʰórdʰos‘hedge, fence’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*gardaz‘enclosure’reconstructed
  4. Old Norsec. 800–1350garðr‘an enclosed space, yard’
  5. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500garth‘a garth’
  6. Englishearliest quotation 1847same form

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*gʰerdʰ-‘enclosure, fence, belt’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*gʰórdʰos‘hedge, fence’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*gardaz‘enclosure’reconstructed
  4. Old Norsec. 800–1350garðr‘an enclosed space, yard’
  5. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500garth‘a garth’
  6. Englishearliest quotation 1847same form

Earliest quotation: 1847, Alfred Tennyson, Part 2: “A clapper clapping in a garth / To scare…”

Linked words

through Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ- ‘enclosure, fence, belt’

girdle, hangar, jardin, gord, girth, gird, 10 more

through Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos ‘hedge, fence’

urban, garden, 4 more

through Proto-Germanic *gardaz ‘enclosure’

yard, 1 more

Today it means

noun A grassy quadrangle surrounded by cloisters.

Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ- / garth

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