English
hákarl
Hákarl comes from Icelandic hákarl ‘shark’, from Old Norse karl ‘man’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- ‘to grow old, to mature’.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ǵerh₂-‘to grow old, to mature’reconstructed
- Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*karazreconstructed
- Proto-Germanic, derivedc. 500 BCE–200 CE*karilaz‘free man’reconstructed
- Proto-Norsec. 200–800 CEkarilaʀtransliteratedrunes ᚲᚨᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉreconstructed
- Old Norsec. 800–1350karl‘man’
- Old Norse, derivedc. 800–1350hákarl‘a shark’
- Icelandicmodernsame form‘shark’
- Englishtodaysame form
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ǵerh₂-‘to grow old, to mature’reconstructed
- Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*karazreconstructed
- Proto-Germanic, derivedc. 500 BCE–200 CE*karilaz‘free man’reconstructed
- Proto-Norsec. 200–800 CEkarilaʀtransliteratedrunes ᚲᚨᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉreconstructed
- Old Norsec. 800–1350karl‘man’
- Old Norse, derivedc. 800–1350hákarl‘a shark’
- Icelandicmodernsame form‘shark’
- Englishtodaysame form
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- ‘to grow old, to mature’
corn, grain, granite, kernel, garner, grange, kern, garnet, geriatrics, granary, granule, 13 more
through Proto-Germanic *karilaz ‘free man’
through Old Norse karl ‘man’
through Old Norse hákarl ‘a shark’
Today it means
noun An Icelandic food, cured fermented shark with a strong ammonia smell.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- / hákarl