English
hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism comes from Ancient Greek θῠρεοειδής ‘Shield-shaped’, from Proto-Indo-European *wéydos ‘seeing’, and ultimately from *weyd- ‘to see’.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*weyd-‘to see’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*wéydos‘seeing’reconstructed
- Proto-Hellenicc. 2200–1600 BCE*wéidosreconstructed
- Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEεἶδοςeîdos
- Ancient Greek, derivedc. 800–300 BCEθῠρεοειδήςthŭreoeidḗs‘Shield-shaped’
- New Latinmodernthyreoīdēs
- English1500–presentthyroid
- Englishtodayhyperthyroidism
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*weyd-‘to see’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*wéydos‘seeing’reconstructed
- Proto-Hellenicc. 2200–1600 BCE*wéidosreconstructed
- Ancient Greekc. 800–300 BCEεἶδοςeîdos
- Ancient Greek, derivedc. 800–300 BCEθῠρεοειδήςthŭreoeidḗs‘Shield-shaped’
- New Latinmodernthyreoīdēs
- English1500–presentthyroid
- Englishtodayhyperthyroidism
A compound of hyper- + thyroid + -ism
Proto-Indo-European *úp
Proto-Indo-European *upér ‘over, above’
Proto-Hellenic *hupér
Ancient Greek ὑπέρ ‘over’
English hyper-
Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer- ‘door’
…
Ancient Greek θῠ́ρᾱ ‘door’
Ancient Greek θῠρεός ‘an oblong shield’
Ancient Greek θῠρεοειδής ‘shield-shaped’
New Latin thyreoīdēs ‘Shaped like a shield’
English thyroid
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *weyd- ‘to see’
story, guy, video, idea, review, evidence, visit, provide, advice, interview, guide, witness, vision, historic, wisdom, visa, invisible, wit, advise, wizard, evident, historian, visibility, vista, witty, wisely, prudent, revise, guise, envious, prudence, revue, unwise, purview, druid, improvise, vide, avis, twit, voyeur, 105 more
through Proto-Indo-European *wéydos ‘seeing’
through Proto-Hellenic *wéidos
through Ancient Greek εἶδος
idol, tabloid, steroid, idyll, colloid, trapezoid, hyoid, sigmoid, 50 more
through Ancient Greek θῠρεοειδής ‘Shield-shaped’
through English thyroid
hypothyroidism, parathyroid, thyroxine, thyroiditis, 14 more
Today it means
noun The excessive production of hormones by the thyroid.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *weyd- / hyperthyroidism