Etymograph

English

incommode

Incommode comes from French incommoder ‘to bother, disconcert, incommode’, from Latin incommodō ‘to inconvenience’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *med- ‘to measure’.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*med-‘to measure’root as named
  2. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEcommodō‘to accommodate, adapt’
  3. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEincommodō‘to inconvenience’
  4. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEincommodārepresent active infinitive of incommodō
  5. Frenchc. 1600–presentincommoder‘to bother, disconcert, incommode’
  6. Englishearliest quotation 1673incommode

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*med-‘to measure’root as named
  2. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEcommodō‘to accommodate, adapt’
  3. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEincommodō‘to inconvenience’
  4. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEincommodārepresent active infinitive of incommodō
  5. Frenchc. 1600–presentincommoder‘to bother, disconcert, incommode’
  6. Englishearliest quotation 1673incommode

Earliest quotation: 1673, John Scott: “[T]heir Minds are ſo tender and effeminate, that they…”

Formed from in- + commode ‘(archaic or obsolete) to provide (someone or…’

Proto-Indo-European *h₁én ‘in’

Proto-Germanic *in ‘into’

English in-

Proto-Indo-European *med- ‘to measure’

Latin commodus ‘comfortable, commodious, suitable, useful,…’

French commode ‘convenient’

English commode

The story

Learned borrowing from French incommoder (‘to bother, disconcert, incommode’), from Latin incommodāre, the present active infinitive of incommodō (‘to inconvenience’), from in- (prefix meaning ‘not’) + commodō (‘to accommodate, adapt; to bestow, provide; to hire, lend’) (from com- (a variant of con- (prefix indicating completeness or intensification)) + modō (the ablative or singular of modus (‘manner, method, way; bound, limit; measure’), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *med- (‘to measure’))). The English word is analysable as in- (prefix meaning ‘not’) + commode (‘(archaic or obsolete) to provide (someone or something) with an appropriate, suitable, or necessary thing; to meet the requirements of (someone or something), suit; to repair (something)’).

Linked words

through Proto-Indo-European *med- ‘to measure’

must, medical, medicine, model, modern, medication, mud, mood, meditation, med, remedy, moderate, mold, module, modification, modest, blackmail, medic, meditate, mould, modulation, moderator, modal, modus, modulate, mote, mete, modulus, modicum, modifiable, modulo, 29 more

Today it means

verb To make (someone) uncomfortable; to discomfort, to disturb, to trouble.

Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *med- / incommode