Etymograph

English

cashel

Cashel comes from Irish caiseal ‘stone fort’, from Proto-Italic *kastrom ‘part, share of something’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- ‘to cut’.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ḱes-‘to cut’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*ḱstromreconstructed
  3. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*kastrom‘part, share of something’reconstructed
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEcastrum‘fort’
  5. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEcastellum‘castle, fort, citadel, fortress, stronghold’
  6. Old Irishc. 600–900caisel‘stone wall, rampart’
  7. Irishc. 1200–presentcaiseal‘stone fort’
  8. Englishearliest quotation 2013cashel

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ḱes-‘to cut’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*ḱstromreconstructed
  3. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*kastrom‘part, share of something’reconstructed
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEcastrum‘fort’
  5. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEcastellum‘castle, fort, citadel, fortress, stronghold’
  6. Old Irishc. 600–900caisel‘stone wall, rampart’
  7. Irishc. 1200–presentcaiseal‘stone fort’
  8. Englishearliest quotation 2013cashel

Earliest quotation: 2013, Pamela Crabtree: “A cashel is basically a ringfort (a circulr living…”

Linked words

through Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- ‘to cut’

caste, chastity, chaste, chastise, caries, cassation, 20 more

through Proto-Italic *kastrom ‘part, share of something’

castrate, 17 more

through Latin castrum ‘fort’

alcazar, castellan, 18 more

through Latin castellum ‘castle, fort, citadel, fortress, stronghold’

castle, château, castello, castell, 16 more

Today it means

noun In early Ireland, a ringfort or a circular stone structure used for defense.

Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- / cashel

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