Etymograph

English

castello

Castello comes from Italian castello ‘castle’, from Latin castrum ‘fort’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- ‘to cut’.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ḱes-‘to cut’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*ḱstromreconstructed
  3. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*kastrom‘part, share of something’reconstructed
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEcastrum‘fort’
  5. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEcastellum‘castle, fort, citadel, fortress, stronghold’
  6. Italianc. 1300–presentcastello‘castle’
  7. Englishearliest quotation 2016same form

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ḱes-‘to cut’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*ḱstromreconstructed
  3. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*kastrom‘part, share of something’reconstructed
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEcastrum‘fort’
  5. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEcastellum‘castle, fort, citadel, fortress, stronghold’
  6. Italianc. 1300–presentcastello‘castle’
  7. Englishearliest quotation 2016same form

Earliest quotation: 2016, Christopher Walker: “The bus wound its way up into San Marino,…”

Linked words

through Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- ‘to cut’

chastity, caries, chaste, chastise, cassation, 23 more

through Proto-Italic *kastrom ‘part, share of something’

castrate, 19 more

through Latin castrum ‘fort’

alcazar, 20 more

through Latin castellum ‘castle, fort, citadel, fortress, stronghold’

castle, château, cashel, 17 more

Today it means

noun A municipality of San Marino.

Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- / castello

Shirt and support for this word