English
stool
Stool comes from Old English stōl ‘chair, seat’, from Proto-Indo-European *stoh₂los ‘frame, rack, stand’, and ultimately from *steh₂-.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*steh₂-‘to stand’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*stoh₂los‘frame, rack, stand’reconstructed
- Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*stōlaz‘chair’reconstructed
- Proto-West Germanicc. 200–500 CE*stōl‘stool, chair’reconstructed
- Old Englishc. 450–1150stōl‘chair, seat’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500stool
- Englishearliest quotation 1827same form
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*steh₂-‘to stand’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*stoh₂los‘frame, rack, stand’reconstructed
- Proto-Germanicc. 500 BCE–200 CE*stōlaz‘chair’reconstructed
- Proto-West Germanicc. 200–500 CE*stōl‘stool, chair’reconstructed
- Old Englishc. 450–1150stōl‘chair, seat’
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500stool
- Englishearliest quotation 1827same form
Earliest quotation: 1827, Robert Monteath, Miscellaneous Reports on Woods and Plantations: “The ground in almost every part of it is…”
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- ‘to stand’
state, system, post, stay, rest, stand, distance, assistant, assistance, stadium, constitution, instance, consistent, contest, establishment, establish, stable, assist, stability, instant, destination, substance, testimony, stem, destiny, distant, resist, static, insist, persistent, consist, stood, prostitution, stationary, stud, prostitute, persist, extant, substitution, stamina, 158 more
Another origin of stool
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*stel-‘to put, to place’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEstolo‘a shoot, branch, or twig springing from the root or stock of a tree’
- Englishtodaystool
Today it means
noun A seat for one person without a back or armrests.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- / stool