Etymograph

English

resist

Resist comes from Middle French resister ‘to resist’, from Latin sistō ‘cause to stand’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*steh₂-‘stand’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*stísteh₂ti‘to be standing up, to be getting up’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*sistō‘to stand’reconstructed
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEsistōas sistere‘cause to stand’
  5. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEresistere
  6. Middle Frenchc. 1400–1600resister‘to resist’
  7. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500resisten‘to resist’
  8. Englishearliest quotation c. 1607–1608resist

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*steh₂-‘stand’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*stísteh₂ti‘to be standing up, to be getting up’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*sistō‘to stand’reconstructed
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEsistōas sistere‘cause to stand’
  5. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEresistere
  6. Middle Frenchc. 1400–1600resister‘to resist’
  7. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500resisten‘to resist’
  8. Englishearliest quotation c. 1607–1608resist

Earliest quotation: c. 1607–1608, William Shakespeare, The Late: “These cates resist me”.

Linked words

through Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- ‘stand’

state, post, stay, stand, distance, stadium, instance, constitution, rest, stood, stable, stability, instant, contest, substance, stem, establishment, establish, destination, testimony, destiny, distant, prostitution, stationary, stud, prostitute, stool, extant, substitution, stamina, stale, steadfast, stead, astute, metastatic, distal, attest, stow, testimonial, stalwart, 141 more

through Proto-Indo-European *stísteh₂ti ‘to be standing up, to be getting up’

system, consistent, static, histone, stater, 33 more

through Latin sistō ‘cause to stand’

assistant, assistance, assist, persistent, insist, consist, solstice, persist, armistice, subsistence, desist, existentialist, 6 more

Today it means

verb To attempt to counter the actions or effects of.

Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- / resist

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