English
sumptuous
Sumptuous comes from Latin sumptuōsus ‘very expensive or costly’, from sumō ‘to take’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁em-.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₁em-‘to take’reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*emō‘to take’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEsumō‘to take’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEsūmptus‘cost, charge, expense’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEsumptuōsus‘very expensive or costly’
- Middle Frenchc. 1400–1600sumptueux
- Englishearliest quotation 1764sumptuous
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed deepest recorded ancestor
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₁em-‘to take’reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*emō‘to take’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEsumō‘to take’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEsūmptus‘cost, charge, expense’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEsumptuōsus‘very expensive or costly’
- Middle Frenchc. 1400–1600sumptueux
- Englishearliest quotation 1764sumptuous
Earliest quotation: 1764, Oliver Goldsmith: “Though poor the peasant’s hut, his feasts though small,…”
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *h₁em- ‘to take’
exempt, pommel, pomade, 56 more
through Proto-Italic *emō ‘to take’
premium, ransom, redemption, redeem, exemption, presume, preemption, emptor, 47 more
through Latin sumō ‘to take’
consumer, assume, resume, consume, assumption, résumé, consumable, overconsumption, 33 more
through Latin sūmptus ‘cost, charge, expense’
consumption, presumption, resumption, presumptive, consumptive, 4 more
Today it means
adj Extremely costly; suggesting great expense.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *h₁em- / sumptuous