Etymograph

English

testimonial

Testimonial comes from Late Latin testimonialis ‘of or pertaining to testimony’, from Latin testis ‘witness’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- ‘to stand (up)’.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*steh₂-‘to stand (up)’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*trito-sth₂-o-sreconstructed
  3. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*tristos‘witness’reconstructed
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CE*terstisreconstructed
  5. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEtestis‘witness’
  6. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEtestimonium‘testimony’
  7. Late Latinc. 200–600 CEtestimonialis‘of or pertaining to testimony’
  8. Frenchc. 1600–presenttestimonial
  9. Englishearliest quotation 1914same form

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*steh₂-‘to stand (up)’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*trito-sth₂-o-sreconstructed
  3. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*tristos‘witness’reconstructed
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CE*terstisreconstructed
  5. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEtestis‘witness’
  6. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEtestimonium‘testimony’
  7. Late Latinc. 200–600 CEtestimonialis‘of or pertaining to testimony’
  8. Frenchc. 1600–presenttestimonial
  9. Englishearliest quotation 1914same form

Earliest quotation: 1914, Ernest Bramah: “Then why don't you take him into the parlour?"…”

Linked words

through Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- ‘to stand (up)’

state, post, system, stay, stand, rest, distance, assistant, stadium, assistance, instance, stood, stable, assist, establishment, establish, instant, constitution, stability, consistent, substance, distant, stem, resist, insist, destiny, destination, static, persistent, consist, stud, persist, prostitution, stool, stationary, extant, stamina, prostitute, stale, substitution, 152 more

through Latin *terstis

contestant, attestation, 6 more

through Latin testis ‘witness’

contest, testament, attest, testicular, detest, testator, 15 more

Today it means

noun A statement, especially one given under oath; testimony.

Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- / testimonial

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