English
restive
Restive comes from Old French rester ‘to stay, remain’, from Latin restō ‘to stand firm’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*steh₂-‘to stand (up)’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*sth₂éh₁yeti‘to stand’reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*staējōreconstructed
- Proto-Italic, derivedc. 1500–700 BCE*staēō‘to stand’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEstō‘stand’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CErestō‘to stand firm’
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400rester‘to stay, remain’
- Old French, derivedc. 842–1400restif
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500restyf
- Englishearliest quotation 1726restive
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*steh₂-‘to stand (up)’reconstructed
- Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*sth₂éh₁yeti‘to stand’reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*staējōreconstructed
- Proto-Italic, derivedc. 1500–700 BCE*staēō‘to stand’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEstō‘stand’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CErestō‘to stand firm’
- Old Frenchc. 842–1400rester‘to stay, remain’
- Old French, derivedc. 842–1400restif
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500restyf
- Englishearliest quotation 1726restive
Earliest quotation: 1726, Jonathan Swift, The Author Relates Several Particulars of the Yahoos. […]: “Yet I am of Opinion, this Defect ariſeth chiefly…”
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- ‘to stand (up)’
state, system, post, stay, stand, assistant, assistance, stadium, stood, consistent, stable, constitution, assist, contest, stem, insist, destination, consist, persistent, testimony, static, destiny, resist, stud, prostitution, persist, stool, prostitute, stamina, stale, substitution, subsistence, steadfast, stead, astute, armistice, attest, stow, stasis, solstice, 140 more
through Proto-Italic *staējō
through Proto-Italic *staēō ‘to stand’
establishment, stability, establish, stationary, instantaneous, distantly, instantiation, 15 more
through Latin stō ‘stand’
stage, distance, station, instance, instant, substance, distant, extant, distal, oust, obstetric, prest, 24 more
through Latin restō ‘to stand firm’
Today it means
adj Impatient under delay, duress, or control.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- / restive