Etymograph

English

condiment

Condiment comes from Latin condimentum ‘a spice, seasoning’, from condō ‘to put together’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm ‘beside, near, by, with’.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ḱóm‘beside, near, by, with’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*kom‘with, along, at’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Italic, derivedc. 1500–700 BCE*kom-‘together’reconstructed
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEcondō‘to put together’
  5. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEcondiōas condīre‘to preserve, pickle, season’
  6. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEcondimentum‘a spice, seasoning’
  7. Old Frenchc. 842–1400condiment
  8. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500same form
  9. Englishearliest quotation 1961same form

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed

Earlier history uncertain.

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ḱóm‘beside, near, by, with’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*kom‘with, along, at’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Italic, derivedc. 1500–700 BCE*kom-‘together’reconstructed
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEcondō‘to put together’
  5. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEcondiōas condīre‘to preserve, pickle, season’
  6. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEcondimentum‘a spice, seasoning’
  7. Old Frenchc. 842–1400condiment
  8. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500same form
  9. Englishearliest quotation 1961same form

Earliest quotation: 1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs: “As a condiment in food, paprika is reputed to…”

Linked words

through Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- ‘to do’

do, fact, deal, hot, fair, fan, feature, mid, defense, benefit, fashion, custom, theme, defence, ethnic, treasury, treasure, ethical, thesis, sufficient, aesthetic, feast, theology, doom, synthetic, tick, deed, atheist, ethic, defendant, dis, atheism, demi, auditorium, deem, spade, thematic, ethos, forfeit, auditor, 130 more

through Proto-Indo-European *ḱe ‘Deictic particle, here’

here, 14 more

through Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm ‘beside, near, by, with’

among, gain, comply, hind, likeness, kata, limbed, 31 more

through Proto-Italic *kom ‘with, along, at’

cum, consideration, cue, 14 more

through Proto-Italic *kom- ‘together’

consider, competition, conference, counter, concrete, consistent, con, commodity, compulsory, compel, concierge, contra, connotation, condescend, 15 more

Today it means

noun Something used to enhance the flavor of food, for example, salt or pepper, especially when added by the eater to taste rather than by the cook.

Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm / condiment

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