Etymograph

English

noble

Noble comes from Old French noble, from Latin nōbilis ‘knowable, known, well-known, famous,…’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- ‘to recognise’.

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ǵneh₃-‘to recognise’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*ǵn̥h₃sḱéti‘to recognise’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*gnōskō‘to know, get to know’reconstructed
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEgnōscō
  5. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEnōscōas nōscere‘to know’
  6. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEnōbilis‘knowable, known, well-known, famous, celebrated, high-born, of noble birth, excellent’
  7. Old Frenchc. 842–1400noble
  8. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500same form
  9. Englishearliest quotation 1499same form

attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed

Lineage

  1. Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*ǵneh₃-‘to recognise’reconstructed
  2. Proto-Indo-European, derivedc. 4500–2500 BCE*ǵn̥h₃sḱéti‘to recognise’reconstructed
  3. Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*gnōskō‘to know, get to know’reconstructed
  4. Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEgnōscō
  5. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEnōscōas nōscere‘to know’
  6. Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEnōbilis‘knowable, known, well-known, famous, celebrated, high-born, of noble birth, excellent’
  7. Old Frenchc. 842–1400noble
  8. Middle Englishc. 1150–1500same form
  9. Englishearliest quotation 1499same form

Earliest quotation: 1499, John Skelton: “I lyked no thynge his playe, / For yf…”

Linked words

through Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- ‘to recognise’

can, could, know, normal, recognition, narrative, glory, con, ignore, ken, keen, ignorant, norm, cunning, narration, prognosis, canny, connoisseur, uncouth, canna, kith, recognizance, gnosis, cun, 85 more

through Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃sḱéti ‘to recognise’

diagnostic, gnome, agnostic, 41 more

through Latin gnōscō

recognize, cognitive, quaint, incognito, denote, annotation, precognition, 31 more

through Latin nōscō ‘to know’

note, notice, notion, notorious, cognition, notation, notoriety, notary, acquaint, cognizance, annotate, 24 more

through Latin nōbilis ‘knowable, known, well-known, famous,…’

nobility, 5 more

Today it means

noun An aristocrat; one of aristocratic blood.

Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.

Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- / noble