English
gerundive
Gerundive comes from Latin gerundium ‘gerund’, from gerundus ‘which is to be carried out’, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-.
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₂eǵ-reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*gezō‘to carry, bear’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEgerō‘carry, bear’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEgerundus‘which is to be carried out’next step skipped: Latin gerendus
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEgerundium‘gerund’next step skipped: Latin gerendus
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEgerundīvum
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500gerundif
- Englishtodaygerundive
attested reconstructed ? uncertain or disputed
Lineage
- Proto-Indo-Europeanc. 4500–2500 BCE*h₂eǵ-reconstructed
- Proto-Italicc. 1500–700 BCE*gezō‘to carry, bear’reconstructed
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEgerō‘carry, bear’
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEgerundus‘which is to be carried out’next step skipped: Latin gerendus
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEgerundium‘gerund’next step skipped: Latin gerendus
- Latin, derivedc. 75 BCE–200 CEgerundīvum
- Middle Englishc. 1150–1500gerundif
- Englishtodaygerundive
Equivalent to gerund + -ive
Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-
Proto-Italic *gezō ‘to carry, bear’
Latin gerō ‘carry, bear’
Latin gerendus ‘which is to be carried out’
Latin gerundium ‘the gerund’
English gerund
Linked words
through Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-
act, action, actual, strategy, activity, agency, actor, agent, suggest, active, essay, agenda, acre, activate, agony, ambiguous, squat, agile, ambiguity, agility, antagonist, assay, agrarian, agitation, axiom, digestion, antagonism, agonist, actuator, agitate, radium, antagonize, cogent, actuation, digestible, glucagon, samaj, stratagem, inexact, agonize, 140 more
through Latin gerō ‘carry, bear’
register, suggestion, gesture, congestion, digest, gestation, ingestion, belligerent, progesterone, ingest, agger, gestion, 14 more
Another origin of gerundive
- Latinc. 75 BCE–200 CEgerundīvus‘gerundial, gerundive’
- Englishtodaygerundive
Today it means
noun A verbal adjective that describes obligation or necessity, equivalent in form to the future passive participle.
Language periods are conventional ranges, not dates for this word.
Etymograph / Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- / gerundive